Idiopathic pseudoaneurysm in a patient with breast implants

Aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms of the internal mammary artery (IMA) are rare and the etiology uncertain although iatrogenic causes have been described. A 64-year-old woman suffered hematoma and bleeding from a pseudoaneurysm probably originating from a branch of the right IMA 16 years after breast implant surgery. After clinical assessment, the patient underwent surgery with resection of the aneurysm and ligation of the arterial branch. No early postoperative complications were reported. Pseudoaneurysms in small vessels such as the IMA or its branches are not well described in the literature. Proper diagnosis with imaging is of importance in order to determine treatment as each case is unique. Some cases can be managed conservatively.